Ruling on injections and intravenous fluids for one who is fasting, and the impact of the intention (niyyah) on invalidating the fast

Is there a specific punishment for looking at adorned women whilst fasting?

He apostatised during the day in Ramadan then he came back to Islam – what must he do?

Does inserting a catheter into the patient’s body to drain urine invalidate the fast?

Her husband engaged in foreplay with her in Ramadan, and she thought to let him have intercourse with her so that he would break his fast and be sinning! Did she break her fast with this intention?

It is not a condition of fasting being valid that one should pray in congregation

Why is masturbation regarded as breaking the fast, when the same does not apply to wanton display of beauty (tabarruj) and other sins?

Are saline solutions, vitamin injections and intravenous injections regarded as breaking the fast?

Can she kiss her female friend on the cheek when she is fasting?

He used to invalidate his fast several years ago, and he does not know the number of days on which he broke his fast